Finger gymnastics card index (senior group) on the topic

In preschool institutions, where the issues of child development are taken seriously, children are taught not only drawing or dancing. No less important are gaming technologies that ensure the diversified development of children. In particular, special attention in kindergarten is paid to finger gymnastics, the main goal of which is to better develop fine motor skills of the hands.

The importance of finger gymnastics in kindergarten

Finger gymnastics is a set of exercises for the fingers and hands, which is usually presented to children in a playful way. Fingers are an incredibly sensitive part of our body. Due to the huge number of nerve endings located in their pads, stimulation of these areas causes active brain activity. First of all, the areas responsible for speech, writing, carrying out purposeful activities, and the ability to perceive, analyze, and remember information begin to function.

This is interesting!

According to the ideas of oriental medicine, a large number of energetically active zones are concentrated in the human palm, irritation of which activates the functioning of internal organs and normalizes metabolic processes in the body.

In addition to the physiological aspect, the psychological component of the process is also important. Such games and exercises can calm and distract the child, and help to establish interaction between children in the kindergarten group.

The purpose of finger gymnastics

The goals of finger exercises differ for children of different age groups. For children under 4 years old:

• Formation of the skill of tracking an object;
• Learning to follow the actions of other people;
• Improving coordination of movements;
• Development of a sense of rhythm.

For the middle group of preschoolers (4-5 years old):

• Stimulation of attentiveness, involuntary memorization;
• Improving fine finger movements;
• Formation of imaginative thinking;
• Relieving tension from the muscles of the upper limbs.

For older preschoolers (5-6 years old):

• Development of creative abilities;
• Preparing the brush for writing;
• Improving the ability to take targeted actions;
• Stimulation of the processes of voluntary memorization, isolation of the main and the secondary.

Finger games for children 2-3 years old

The child plays on the adult’s lap or separately. The adult shows the movements on his fingers, then on the baby’s fingers, and then gives the opportunity to repeat them independently.

Fingers

The first finger is grandfather,

The second finger is grandma,

The middle one is daddy,

This one is an affectionate mother,

This little finger is a son or daughter.

(The guys take turns bending their fingers.)

Fan

The sun is shining brightly,

The boys suddenly felt hot.

We'll get the fan quickly,

And it will immediately become cooler!

(The guys unclench their fists and wave their straight palms like fans in front of their faces.)

Bug

I'm a funny cockchafer

And I fly around here.

I'm circling over the clearings

And I'm friends with bugs.

(Children bend their three middle fingers, the little finger and thumb remain straight. The kids move the beetle’s antennae with their straight fingers.)

Ways to develop fine motor skills

Not only finger games develop the ability to make subtle, targeted movements. Several methods have been developed for this:

1. Finger massage is the best option for children in their first year of life who do not yet know how to act purposefully.
2. Finger games are gymnastic exercises for the fingers and hands.
3. Games with small objects - cubes, balls, sand, pebbles, mosaics, construction sets, small toys.
4. Finger theater - theatrical performances in which each finger plays its own role.
5. Creative workshop - plasticine modeling, drawing, applique.
6. Busyboards are boards for children to which objects that develop everyday skills are attached - laces, locks, handles, taps, buttons, etc.
7. Puzzles with drawing elements - tasks in which you need to connect the dots, complete the missing parts, show the way out of the maze, etc.

Finger massage

This is a method suitable for the early period of a child's development, it is carried out passively, with the help of parents. You can start giving massage to children almost from birth. This will speed up the process of “opening” your palms and stimulate interest in studying your own hands.

How to put this into practice? You need to bend, twist, and massage the child’s fingers, accompanying this with rhymes and sayings about the magpie-crow, goat-wolf, or darlings.

A massage accompanied by a song about a magpie-crow is considered a classic option:

1. First, you make soft circular movements on the baby's palm, talking about how the magpie cooked porridge.
2. Then you massage the pads and perform rotational movements with each finger, starting with the fifth, listing who the magpie mother fed and who was unlucky.
3. And finally, lightly tickle the inner surface of the wrist, elbow, armpit, indicating the degree of heating of the water for porridge.

Watch your speech carefully. It should be clear, emotionally charged, aimed specifically at the child (it is important to look at him during the game). If you don’t remember the song about the crow very well from childhood, you can watch the video of the finger game (at the end of the article) and refresh your memory of the technique for performing it.

For massage purposes, you can use various available means: balls for su-jok therapy, soft balls, cotton swabs. They are convenient to roll on the palm, the baby can grab them and crush them. All this develops tactile sensations and manual dexterity.

Using visual material during finger gymnastics

Looking at pictures, posters, and book illustrations is part of most activities in kindergarten. During finger gymnastics, it is also recommended to use visual materials. Bright and clear images help preschoolers perform gymnastic movements and activate their imagination. Children are more easily involved in a play situation.

Table: options for visual materials for finger games

Note to educators and parents: a selection of cards with finger games will entertain children during the trip. Our teacher takes the cards with her on the excursion bus: the children split up into pairs and play out the cards, swapping tasks with their classmates.

Funny song-games can be recommended to parents during a consultation on finger gymnastics. Video classes will be an alternative to watching entertainment videos. The child will learn a song, learn movements, and his mood will improve. For older preschoolers who have started learning a foreign language, English (French, German, Spanish, etc.) song-games are recommended for viewing. My kids are excitedly singing and doing gymnastics to “Itsy Bitsy Spider,” “The Wheels on the Bus,” and “Brother Finger.”

Photo gallery: finger games in pictures

The card contains the rules of the game "Balls", the text of the poem and an image of the movements

In the finger game “Cabbage,” children perform energetic movements with their hands

The finger game “Boat” can be played in a lesson dedicated to sea voyages

Preschoolers will enjoy solving finger riddles

The game “Birds” is suitable for learning by the youngest students

The game “Bunny” is played in junior groups of preschool educational institutions

You can stage real performances in the finger shadow theater

For each line of the poem “Oh, you little owl” there are images of finger movements

When performing the exercise, the teacher helps students who find it difficult to put their fingers in the correct position.

As students master finger gymnastics exercises, the tasks can be made more complex.

The game “The Mice Came Out” uses a variety of finger movements

Video: finger gymnastics “I’m sitting by the window”

Video: finger game-song “Morning”

Video: finger game-song “Crow and the Worms”

Video: finger game-song “Spider”

Video: English song game “Itsy Bitsy Spider”

Finger games

Classes in kindergarten are held in a playful way. The kids follow the teacher and perform movements that will gradually become more complex. At the same time, you can read short poems, imagining that the fingers are his characters. You can also tell thematic tales, illustrating with your fingers all the events that take place. There are three types of similar games: development of the hands, static and dynamic exercises for the fingers. Let's look at the most popular options:

1. “Okay.” With children under one year old, you need to play passively, taking the children's hands in yours, performing all the necessary movements, accompanied by a saying. After a year, the baby is already able to independently imitate familiar movements.
2. “Lids.” Usually, after one year of age, children like to open and close jars, bottles, and containers. Encourage this childhood hobby. Gradually, the baby will learn not only to open and close simple caps, but also to twist and unscrew bottles. Just don't let him play with glass containers unattended, which could break.
3. "Beads". Allow your baby to sort through his beads, bracelets with small or larger beads. If the decorations are colored, this is even better, as the correct color perception will be developed.
4. "Paper". Children become interested in playing with paper after they reach 6 months of age. Papers can be crumpled, torn, rolled into balls.
5. "Groats." Pour any cereal into a bowl and show it to your child. He can dip his hands into it, feel it, and pour it from one palm to another. Attention! Be sure to be nearby during such activities. Make sure your baby doesn't put the cereal in his mouth. Small particles may enter the respiratory tract.
6. "Sand". Pour sand onto a tray and show your child how you can draw lines, dots, grids, and simple pictures on it. First, take his finger in your hands and move it along the sand. Over time, the baby will learn to act independently.
7. "We're reading a book." Even if your son or daughter doesn’t know a single letter yet, turning through the pages of a colorful picture book will only benefit them. Tactile contact with paper and viewing color images stimulate the brain.
8. "All by myself". Children from the age of 3 should be taught to dress and put on their shoes independently. They must gradually learn to fasten buttons, tie shoelaces, and deal with hooks, ties, and zippers. This will not only teach them independence, but will also develop fine motor skills.

Methodological development on the topic “Finger gymnastics”

Methodological development “Finger gymnastics”

«The child's mind is

at his fingertips."
V.A.
Sukhomlinsky Purpose:

finger games) in direct educational and gaming activities Tasks:

• development of general and fine motor skills: coordination of movements, fine motor skills of the hands;
• relieving muscle tension, forming correct posture;
• development of stage skills and speech activity: development of facial expressions, pantomime, gestures, gaming skills and creative independence.

Targeted focus of the experience:

The developed pedagogical technology, based on the use of finger games that influence the formation of children's speech, may be of interest to practical workers: additional education teachers, educators working with children in preschool educational institutions, speech therapists.

Relevance:

Thanks to finger games, the child receives a variety of sensory impressions, he develops attentiveness and the ability to concentrate. Finger games form good relationships between an adult and a child.

Terms of sale:

During the classes, various finger games and exercises are used, and performances are staged. I use theatrical techniques in speech development classes.

With the participation of parents, I created finger theater toys (“Teremok”, “Turnip”, etc.) for independent play activities, I encourage children to play with glove theater dolls. Finger games are a fun, exciting and useful activity. Such games are intended for children 5-6 years old, which allow them to relieve accumulated fatigue; they are also recommended for middle-aged children. ANNEX 1

Content:

It is known that there is a close connection between the speech and general motor systems of humans.
The same close connection is established between the hand and the speech center of the brain. The methodology and meaning of these games is that the nerve endings of the hands affect the child’s brain and brain activity is activated. For school learning, it is very important that the child has well-developed fine motor skills. Finger games are good helpers for preparing a child’s hand for writing and developing coordination. And in order for speech to develop at the same time, you can use small rhymes, counting rhymes, and songs for such games. The main part, which consistently reveals the content of the material.
Having analyzed my work with children 5-6 years old, I was faced with insufficient speech development in young children; insufficient vocabulary; poor dialogical speech.

First of all, I began my work by studying the pedagogical conditions for holding finger games as a means of developing the speech of young children and the methodological literature of T.A. Tkachenko “Developing fine motor skills”, E. Kosina “Finger gymnastics L.P. Savina “Finger gymnastics”, A.E. Belaya, V.I. Miryasova “Playing with fingers and developing speech”, Yu. Sokolova “Games with fingers”. I regularly study new methodological literature and use computer technology in my work.

I realized that work on developing fine motor skills should be carried out regularly, only then can the greatest effect be achieved. I began to create an age-appropriate subject-development environment using a variety of materials:

-paper and knitted caps for fingers (heroes of various fairy tales).

- beads and buttons of different sizes;

- a variety of small toys;

- rubber toys of different densities.

Methodological recommendations for conducting finger games.

1. Before the game, the children and I discuss its content, immediately practicing the necessary gestures, finger combinations, and movements.
2. Before starting the exercises, children warm up their palms with light strokes until they feel pleasantly warm.
3. All exercises are performed at a slow pace, from 3 to 5 times, first with the right hand, then with the left, and then with both hands together.
4. When performing exercises with children, you must demonstrate your own passion for the game.
5. When performing exercises, it is necessary to involve, if possible, all fingers of the hand.
6. It is necessary to ensure the correct placement of the hand and precise switching from one movement to another.
7. When playing the game repeatedly, children often begin to pronounce the text partially (especially the beginning and ending of phrases). Gradually, the text is learned by heart, children pronounce it in its entirety, correlating the words with the movement.

The table below allows you to clearly plan your work with children with disabilities in teaching finger games.

Technology

from 7 years old

Children recite poems and nursery rhymes with their hands with frequent changes of figures. Combine the fingers of one hand alternately (1 – 2, 1 – 3, 1 – 4, 1 – 5). Then with the other hand, both hands parallel.

They make animal figures from fingers using additional materials (ball, handkerchief, pencil, etc.)

Pay attention to the quality of the figure composition,

coordination of movements of individual fingers and the entire hand, ability to hold an object (theater puppet)

list of finger games:

1,2,3,4,5, the worms went for a walk….

A crow walked past the market...

We chop and chop cabbage, we chop and chop cabbage... This finger went into the forest, this finger found a mushroom...

We shared an orange. There are many of us, but he is alone...

Spider.

The index finger of the left hand closes with the thumb of the right hand, the index finger of the right hand with the thumb of the left hand. The lower pair of fingers opens, then closes over the upper one. Then the same movements, paired with the thumb, are performed in turn by the remaining fingers.

Motor.

The hands are clasped together, the thumbs spin around each other, faster and faster, without touching the palm.

Constrictions.

Two players interlock with three or two fingers; everyone tries to outdo their opponent.

Rings.

The closed thumb and middle finger of the right hand is a large ring, the closed little finger and thumb of the left hand are a small ring. The fingers of both hands simultaneously begin to move, alternately closing with the thumbs so that a small ring is formed on the right hand, and a large one on the left hand.

"Ear - nose" —

Take the tip of your nose with your left hand, and the opposite ear with your right hand, then simultaneously lower your hands and change their position.
Symmetrical drawings” -
draw mirror-symmetrical drawings in the air with both hands (it’s better to start with a round object: an apple, a watermelon, etc. The main thing is that the child looks at his hand while “drawing”).
“Horizontal eight” -
draw the number eight in the air in the horizontal plane three times - first with one hand, then with the other, then with both hands.
“Let’s warm our hands” -
movements as when rubbing hands.
“Hammer” -
use the phalanges of the fingers of the right hand clenched into a fist to “hammer” nails
. “Geese are nibbling the grass” -
the fingers of the right hand are nibbling the hand of the left.
Theater in hand.
Allows you to increase overall tone, develop attention and memory, relieve psycho-emotional stress. “Butterfly”
-
clench your fingers into a fist and alternately straighten the little finger, ring and middle fingers, and connect the thumb and index into a ring.
Make quick movements with straightened fingers (“finger fluttering”). “Fairy Tale” -
children are invited to act out a fairy tale in which each finger is a character.
“Octopuses” -
the right hand, carefully and one by one moving its tentacles-fingers, travels along the seabed. An octopus is moving towards him - his left hand. They saw each other, froze, and then began to explore the seabed together.

"CAPTAIN"

Point the ends of your fingers forward, press your hands with your palms towards each other, slightly opening them.
While reciting the poem, show how the boat rocks on the waves, and then, with smooth hand movements, show the waves themselves. Then, according to the text of the verse, show the seagull, crossing your arms, bringing your palms together with the backs of your hands and waving your fingers clenched together. With straightened palms with fingers pressed to each other, depict fish. Use smooth movements of your palms to show how fish swim in the water. I'm sailing on a white boat on waves with pearl foam. I am a brave captain, I am not afraid of a hurricane. White seagulls are circling, They are also not afraid of the wind. Only the cry of a bird scares a flock of golden fish. And, having traveled to wonderful countries, Having looked at the oceans, Traveler-hero, I will return home to my mother. “HOUSE”
When pronouncing this poem, accompany it with hand movements.
Let the child imitate your actions. Under the mushroom there is a hut-house,
(join your palms with a hut)
A cheerful gnome lives there. We will knock quietly,
(knock the fist of one hand on the palm of the other hand)
We will ring the bell.
(palms of both hands facing down, fingers crossed; the middle finger of the right hand is lowered down and sways slightly).
A gnome will open the door for us and invite us into the hut-house.
The house has a plank floor (put your palms down, press your edges against each other)
and on it is an oak table.
(the left hand is clenched into a fist, the palm of the right hand is placed on top of the fist)
Next to it is a chair with a high back.
(direct your left palm vertically upward, place the fist of your right hand at its bottom with your thumb towards you)
On the table is a plate with a fork.
(the palm of the left hand lies on the table and is directed upward, representing a plate, the right hand represents a fork: the palm is directed downward, four fingers are straightened and slightly spread apart, and the thumb is pressed to the palm)
And there are pancakes in a mountain - a treat for the guys.
“THUNDERSTORM”
The first drops fell,
(lightly tap two fingers of each hand on the table)
The spiders were frightened.
(the inner side of the palm is lowered down; bend the fingers slightly and, moving them, show how the spiders scatter)
The rain began to pound harder,
(knock on the table with all fingers of both hands)
The birds disappeared among the branches.
(cross your arms, place your palms together with the backs of your hands; wave your fingers clenched together).
The rain poured down like buckets,
(knock on the table harder with all the fingers of both hands)
The kids ran away.
(the index and middle fingers of both hands run across the table, depicting little men; the remaining fingers are pressed to the palm).
Lightning flashes in the sky,
(draw lightning in the air with your finger)
Thunder breaks the whole sky.
(drum with your fists and then clap your hands)
And then out of the cloud the sun
(raise both hands up with open fingers)
will look at us through the window again! "LAMB"
The palms of both hands are lowered down.
Elbows are spread in different directions. The index fingers and little fingers of both hands are bent into a ring and protrude forward, depicting the horns of a lamb. The remaining fingers are pressed to the palms. Butting with horns, lightly hitting the bent index fingers and little finger of one hand with the index finger and little finger of the other hand. Early in the morning two sheep wanted to butt heads. Sticking out their horns, they started a fight. For a long time they butted heads, everyone clung to each other. But by lunchtime, suddenly tired, they separated, raising their horns. “MY FAMILY”
Raise your hand with your palm facing you and, in accordance with the text of the verse, bend your fingers in a certain sequence, starting with the ring finger, then the little finger, index finger, middle and thumb.
I know that I have a friendly family at home: This is my mother, This is me, This is my grandmother, This is my dad, This is my grandfather.
And we have no discord. “CAT AND MOUSE”
Look, the cat softly unclenches its claws.
(clench the fingers of both hands into a fist and place them on the table, palms down; then slowly unclench your fists, spreading your fingers to the sides, showing how a cat releases its claws; when performing movements, the hands are lifted off the table, then the fist or palm is placed on the table again)
And squeezes them lightly - She scares the mouse so much.
The cat walks quietly, (the palms of both hands lie on the table; the elbows are spread in different directions; the cat (right hand) sneaks: all the fingers of the right hand slowly walk forward on the table. The mouse (left hand) runs away: the fingers of the other hand quickly move back ).
You can't hear the floorboards creak, Only the mouse doesn't yawn, It instantly runs away from the cat.
Regular finger games and exercises have begun to help maintain good tone in children. Efficiency

Finger games helped to achieve activity and expressiveness of the hands when clenching and unclenching, and then when performing more complex imitative rhythmic movements. During the lessons, children learned to depict what is described in the poem and coordinate the rhythm of movements with the rhythm of the poem.

By the end of the school year, children could name the main means of speech correction (gymnastics for the tongue and fingers, tongue twisters, reading poetry, doing homework); showed any exercise from the articulatory gymnastics complex; recited poems expressively; conveyed the image of the hero with characteristic movements; behaved confidently in front of the audience. The use of finger games in the classroom increased the level of speech development of children

Physical education sessions were conducted using the “Tell poetry with your hands” method. The movements were accompanied by the pronunciation of poems and nursery rhymes that corresponded to the lexical topic of the lesson and contained automated sounds. Pronouncing poetry simultaneously with movements makes children's speech more rhythmic, loud, clear and emotional.

Seeing the children's interest in finger games in the classroom, I found it possible to prepare performances with the children... and study poetry.

Performances based on the fairy tales “Lyubochka and her assistant” and “Turnip” were staged. Based on the results of the performances, the children performed at the Mothers' Day.

We became the winner of the regional reading competition.

A collection of finger games used in classes has been collected. A seminar was held for additional education teachers.

Conclusion

So, to summarize, we can state the following. It is known that there is a close connection between the speech and general motor systems of humans. The same close connection is established between the hand and the speech center of the brain. Finger games and exercises are a unique means for developing fine motor skills and speech in their unity and interconnection. Learning texts using “finger” gymnastics stimulates the development of speech, spatial, visual-effective thinking, voluntary and involuntary attention, auditory and visual perception, speed of reaction and emotional expressiveness, and the ability to concentrate. In addition, finger games expand children's horizons and vocabulary, provide initial mathematical concepts and environmental knowledge, enrich children's knowledge about their own body, create a positive emotional state, and develop self-confidence.

Conclusion:

Experience with children aged 5-6 years has confirmed that the level of speech development of children depends on the degree of formation of fine movements of the fingers.

List of used literature

1. Anishchenkova E.S. Finger gymnastics for the development of speech of preschool children. - M. AST: Astrel, 2007.-61p.

2. Artyomova L.V. Theatrical games for preschoolers. - M., 1991. - 127 p.

3. Borodich A.N. Methods of speech development for preschool children. - M.: Professional Education, 1981. - 255 p.

4. Doronova T.N. We play in the theater. - M., 2005.-136p.

5. Ovchinnikova T.S. Articulation and finger gymnastics in classes in kindergarten. - St. Petersburg: KARO, 2008.-64p.

6. Svetlova I. Developing fine motor skills and hand coordination. M.: Publishing house EKSMO-Press, 2001.-104 p.

7. Seliverstov V.I. Speech games with children. - M.: VLADOS, 1994.-344 p.

8. Cherenkova E.F. Original finger games. – M.: LLC “ID RIPOL classic”, LLC Publishing House “DOM.XXI century”, 2007.-186 p.

Impact on speech development

Scientists have long proven that simple gaming technologies help children quickly learn to speak and write. The speech and motor centers responsible for the work of the hand are located in the cerebral cortex “next door”. Therefore, irritation of one area stimulates another, helping the child to better understand and reproduce sounds, words, and phrases.

In addition, repeating stereotypical phrases, nursery rhymes, and rhymes during finger play helps to remember them. Over time, the child begins to repeat familiar texts after adults.

If a child is studying in a kindergarten, where preschoolers actively interact with each other, this is also an additional incentive for speech development in order to have productive contact with peers.

Important!

Don't overtire your baby. You need to start games from 1 minute, and increase their duration gradually. Such activities should not turn from fun entertainment into a tedious task.

Preparing your hand for writing

Writing is a difficult skill for a preschooler to master quickly without practice. In order for your handwriting to be smooth and beautiful, you need coordinated work of all the muscles of the hand and forearm. It is important how the child holds the pen, how he moves it across the paper, and moves from one letter to another.

Therefore, teaching a preschooler to write should be done simultaneously with simple warm-up exercises. This is a great way to develop writing skills.

1. "Let's say hello." The baby touches the pad of his thumb to all the others in turn. This is how the fingers “greet” each other.
2. "Cross" The baby crosses 2 and 3, 4 and 5 fingers simultaneously or in turn.
3. "Snake". The pad of each finger reaches its base.
4. "Wings". The child smoothly waves his hands, imitating the movements of wings.
5. "Spray". Children shake their relaxed hands for several seconds, as if shaking off drops of water from them.
6. "Scissors". Fingers 2 and 3, 4 and 5 are connected to each other and movements imitating scissors are performed.
7. "Piano". The kid pretends to play the piano by pressing his fingers on the tabletop.
8. "Circles" Each finger alternately makes circular movements in the air.
9. A two-minute massage is also effective, which is performed at the beginning, in the middle and at the end of the session. You should massage your fingers with soft rubbing circular movements, starting from the periphery and gradually moving to their base.

A child’s activities in a preschool educational institution are usually intense and varied. However, you should not ignore such seemingly simple activities as finger games. They have the most favorable effect on both intellectual and physical development and help the child find a common language with peers and teachers.

Finger gymnastics for children 1-2 years old

Cam

This finger is small, (bend the little finger) This finger is weak, (bend the ring finger) This finger is long, (bend the middle finger) This finger is strong, (bend the index finger) This finger is fat, (bend the big finger) Well and together - a fist!

On a visit

On a visit to the big finger (the thumb is bent, the rest are clenched into a fist) They came straight to the house: Index and middle, (in accordance with the text, straighten the fingers alternately) Ring and last. The little little finger himself knocked on the threshold. Together, fingers are friends, (clench your fingers into a fist and unclench them) They can’t live without each other.

Squirrel sitting on a cart

A squirrel sits on a cart, (clenching and unclenching her fingers into a fist in the rhythm of a nursery rhyme) She sells nuts: (we begin to bend our fingers) To the little fox-sister, to the sparrow, to the titmouse, to the fat-fifted bear, to the mustachioed hare, to whom in the goiter, to whom in the scarf, to whom in the sweetie .