Automation of the sound [P] in combinations with consonant sounds
I present to the readers of the LogopedRunet website a selection of materials for automating the sound [R] in combinations with consonant sounds.
The sound [P] in syllables with a confluence of consonants:
Stra-stro-stru-stra Zdra-zdro-zdra-zdra Bra - bra - bro - bru
Rba - rby - rbo - rbu Pra - pry - about - pr Kra - kry - kro - kru
Rka - rky - rko - rku Gra - gry - gro - gru Hra - hry - hro - hru
Vra - vra - vro - lying Fra - fra - fro - fru Mra - mry - mro - mru
Nra - nry - nro - nru Shra - shry - shro - shru Rzha - rye - rzho - rzhu
Zra - zry - zro - zru
The sound [P] in words with a combination of consonants:
* Fear, ostrich, guard, strange, country, page, line, construction, strict, build, shavings, jet, string, sharp, fast, chandelier, fast, fires, minister, breakfast, threesome, fine, drill, monster, tool , centers, hello, health resort, suddenly, spacesuit, coriander, Ichthyander.
* Brother, take, bracelet, scold, pick up, meeting, cobra, zebra, mop, eyebrows, brooch, throw, throw, wander, tramp, throw, kindness, wade, throw, kindness, splashes, splash, cheese, kicks, beavers , cliff, kind, lingonberry, harness, hoop.
* True, holiday, laundress, rule, help, right, cork, wire, simple, against, sheet, sell, products, cold, cold, nasty, walk, curdled milk, seller, opposite, pond, twig, spring, elastic, jump , jumper, jump.
* France, Frosya, fruit, fruit, fruity.
* Doctor, enemy, enmity, like, liar, hand over, manually.
* Edge, tap, crab, paint, red, nettle, beauty, beautiful, blood, mole, crumbs, rabbit, except, edge, bed, sneakers, microbe, acrobat, dill, pattern, circle, mug, large, lace, cereal , steep, around, twist, circle, around, Crimea, rat, roof, lid, gooseberry, closed, open, wet, open, close.
* Rake, diploma, rook, hail, thermometer, robber, border, grenade, game, play, reward, photograph, grapes, photographer, thunder, rumble, menacing, loud, thunderstorms, thunderstorm, rumble, load, milk mushroom, group, pear , sadness, sad, rude, truck, load, load, gnaw, rodent, games, tigers.
* Temple, snore, snore, store, guard, guard, guard, preserve, crunch, fragile, crystal, crunchy, crisp, lame, limp, terry.
* Immediately, fight, battle, deadline, urgent, cut down, break down.
* Gloom, marble, gloomy, like; scar; zrazy.
Words with the sound [R]:
Patter, orchestra, size, marble, porcelain, mortar, airfield, transport, tractor, sidewalk, conversation, apartment, brave, temperature, agile, electrician, thermometer, constructor, farmer, airport, route, floor lamp, resort, curtains, space, ice hole, literature, program, paint, test tube, check, deftly, parting, professor, rubbing, fair, gap, procedure, viewing, widespread
Repeat phrases and sentences:
* Steep mountain, steep cliff, wet grass, brave soldier, red pomegranate, evenly parted, sharp turn, elastic spring, round core, open transom, wingspan, lace pattern, passage yard, brave tiger, noisy meeting, ripe lingonberries, salted feta cheese, native land, huge park, large grapes, slate roof, drum roll, foreign stamp, luggage storage, black pupils, canned tomatoes, pronounce tongue twisters, photograph a friend, return from the airfield, march with an orchestra.
* The photographer takes photographs. Ira opened the window. Chickens are fed cereals. The seller sells fruit. Raya bought a brooch. The drummer drums loudly. Variegated asters decorate the garden. Tamara has a red pencil. Raya jumps over the rope. The rook's wing is damaged. Friendly beavers are building a dam. Steamers are unloading at the port. The path ends at the ravine. Various fruits are sold at the market. Roma collected two buckets of saffron milk caps. In the morning the fishermen went to the lake. A swift stream runs down the mountain. A gray rabbit gnaws a red carrot. Canned crabs for sale. The mole spoils the roots of plants. The road to the pond goes past a cedar grove. Prokhor jumps into a pond from a steep cliff. A huge old oak tree grew on the edge of a steep cliff. In the evening, along a steep path, the athletes reached the top of the mountain. You can’t even take a fish out of a pond without difficulty. The steep hill has wormholes. All beavers are kind to their beavers.
Three letters "R"
Who owns the special numbers?
One of the visible attributes of the authorities in Transbaikalia are license plates of the roaring series - RRR. Since the end of the issuance of Soviet license plates in 1994, these three letters have crowned the transport of almost all bureaucratic structures in the region.
Although PRR plates are not purely “all-terrain vehicle” plates (nominally they are not a panacea for communicating with traffic police officers and do not provide any advantages on the road), cars with these plates and their passengers have long turned into a separate caste.
Road educational program
RRR is a categorized series of license plates used to designate the transport of regional executive and legislative authorities, federal structures, law enforcement agencies and some natural monopolies of the Trans-Baikal Territory. Such numbers do not enter legal circulation. The rumor that such license plates can be purchased for 60-70 thousand rubles for a personal car has been circulating in Chita auto circles for quite some time, although the regional traffic police, of course, deny everything.
The PPP series does not have a literal transcript. However, in the early 2000s, sharp-tongued motorists deciphered these three letters as “The Guys Who Plundered Russia.” It is noteworthy that at the same time the now unremarkable MMM series assigned to the Transbaikal police was deciphered. They dubbed her: “We are Cops M...i.” Now it has been replaced by the MKR (Regional Police) series. The LLC series decorates the transport of the prosecutor's office and the investigative committee.
Vehicles with the PPP series of numbers serve the needs of the Government of the Trans-Baikal Territory, the Legislative Assembly, the mayor's office of Chita and the Chita City Duma, the headquarters of the Siberian Military District (now the 29th Combined Arms Army), the border department of the FSB of Russia for the Trans-Baikal Territory, the office of the Chief Federal Inspector, and regional departments Ministry of Emergency Situations and the Federal Tax Service, the Transbaikal Department of Internal Affairs for Transport, and almost all district administrations. There are cars with PPP license plates in the fleet of the management of the Trans-Border Railway and PIMCU, and recently a jeep with special license plates was spotted in the service parking lot of the Chita Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church.
Formally, as already mentioned, the presence of RRR license plates does not give any advantages on the roads, but real life is far from formalities. Colleagues who worked as part of traffic police crews as part of a journalistic experiment talk about the existence of an unspoken policy not to stop cars with RRR license plates unless absolutely necessary. However, official cars sometimes come to the attention of traffic police inspectors.
In the first half of 2010 alone, 39 drivers driving cars with PPP series license plates were brought to administrative responsibility in Chita. Of the violators, 19 people were prosecuted for violating the speed limit. In addition, two VIP drivers were deprived of their licenses for driving while intoxicated and refusing to undergo examination.
VIP accidents are also common. Everyone still remembers the October accident at the intersection of Chkalova and Leningradskaya streets, which involved the 200th Cruiser p202pp assigned to the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly Stepan Zhiryakov. A jeep carrying one driver collided with two cars. According to preliminary data, the driver of the jeep is not to blame for the accident.
On New Year's Eve 2008, the governor's SUV p001pp suffered a similar fate. A not so sober Chita man in a jeep drove into the car, which also had one driver, at the intersection of Shilova and Novobulvarnaya. The governor’s car was damaged and Ravil Geniatulin complained at one of the subsequent press conferences that he temporarily had to drive a Volga.
Fortunately, there were no injuries in the accident of the Toyota Land Cruiser 80 p002rr on November 20, 2009. The car with Deputy Prime Minister Alexander Kholmogorov in the cabin was involved in a terrible accident on the Chita-Zabaikalsk highway, when the official was traveling to Borzya for a meeting on housing and communal services. The SUV that drove Deputy Governor Vladimir Okunev in the late 90s could no longer be restored. The wrecked car was written off, and Kholmogorov was bought a new 200th black Cruiser, which inherited the number p002pp. How much money this was made for is still unknown. Tender documents for the purchase of a jeep were not posted on the government procurement portal of the Trans-Baikal Territory.
Who is who
The most important VIP-mobile of Transbaikalia carries Governor Ravil Geniatulin. Two years ago, a white metallic Toyota Land Cruiser with the number p001pp replaced the 80th Cruiser, which had been written off due to age.
The next car in order is the black Cruiser p002pp, as already mentioned, served by the Deputy Prime Minister of the regional government, Alexander Kholmogorov. The number р003рр is assigned to the golden Toyota Camry, the official car of Deputy Prime Minister Gennady Chupin. The number р005рр is crowned with the 100th “Cruiser” of the Minister of Agriculture and Food Lyubov Gargollo. Previously, the fifth car in the RRR series was the blue Volga-3105, purchased in 2001 for the then deputy governor Sergei Trofimov.
Three silver 200 Cruisers were purchased for the needs of the regional administration in 2008, after the crisis reduction in budget spending. The cars, which received the numbers р011рр, р202рр and р222рр, went to the Minister of Labor Relations and Demographic Policy Valery Buyanov (now the head of the regional election commission), the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly (then Anatoly Romanov, now Stepan Zhiryakov) and the Deputy Prime Minister of the regional government Alexey Koshelev.
The silver “Cruisers” p006pp and p009pp serve, respectively, the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Territorial Development of the Trans-Baikal Territory.
The numbers from 100 to 110 in the RRR series were previously assigned to the headquarters of the Siberian Military District. The BMW 5th series p100rr was driven by the last two commanders of the district troops, Alexander Postnikov and Vladimir Chirkin, now the car has been inherited by the headquarters of the 29th Army. The remaining RRR vehicles, mainly white Volgas assigned to deputy commanders, were written off at the beginning of 2009. They were replaced by khaki-colored Fords with military numbers.
The regional Minister of Culture Galina Syrovatka was seen as the rider of the white Prado p111pp.
Near the Trans-Baikal Railway administration building during working hours you can almost always see Lexuses of various models with numbers p175pp, p275pp, p154pp.
The black BMW 5-series p125rr is the official car of the head of the Chita customs. The number р123рр was once procured by the director of Chitaenergo, Sergei Tikhonov, for the needs of his official Infiniti. After his departure, the car changed its elite series of numbers to a regular one.
A cruiser of the 80th model p149rr carries the head of the Trans-Baikal transport police. The management of the regional ATC, interestingly, does not have PPP numbers. Even under General Obukhov, who was transferred to Irkutsk in August, the personal car of the head of the Internal Affairs Directorate for the Trans-Baikal Territory was crowned with the federal government number A330MR of the 97th region.
A Toyota Land Cruiser, model 100 p197rr, was purchased two years ago for the needs of the regional Ministry of Social Protection. The official car of Chief Federal Inspector Bair Zhamsuev is a silver Lexus-470 R375rr. This is the largest number in the list of PPP numbers.
The needs of the regional Ministry of Health are served by the Cruiser 200 model p091pp and Patriot p092pp. Jeeps р069рр and р072рр carry, respectively, the heads of administrations of the Trans-Baikal and Karymsky regions.
If the presence of a large number of jeeps in regional ministries can be justified by the fact that their heads often have to wander along the broken roads of Transbaikalia for official reasons, then this definition clearly does not apply to the car of the mayor of Chita Anatoly Mikhalev. In the regional center there is not a single meter of roads that could only be driven by an SUV. However, the mayor has not one jeep, but two. He drives a white Lexus 470 and a black Lexus 300 under the number p051pp assigned to him. The fact that this is not a trick of the eyes of observant Chita residents is confirmed by photographs of both cars and the materials of the competition for motor vehicle insurance of the city hall, recently posted on the Internet. There are really two cars with number p051pp there. No one can explain how this is possible. According to the competition documentation, the jeeps were produced in 2005 and 2006, at which time they were purchased by the mayor's office. The cost of both mayoral SUVs, depending on the configuration, ranges from 5 to 6 million rubles.
Reasons for incorrect pronunciation
A child may not be able to pronounce vibrant for various reasons. Let's list them:
- Anomalies of the frenulum - it may be shortened and incorrectly positioned. In some children, the hyoid ligament can be stretched with exercises. But sometimes the bridle has to be cut;
- Features of the structure of the tongue - its narrowing or enlargement (macroglossia);
- Anatomy of the jaws - a narrow upper jaw, an incorrect bite can also interfere with the pronunciation of the vibrant;
- Anomalies of the palate - with a cleft or gothic palate, vibrants are difficult to achieve;
- Incorrect location or absence of teeth in the upper jaw;
- Hearing abnormalities - in this case, the baby may not perceive vibrant by ear, an even more difficult situation is physical hearing impairment;
- Hypotonia - weak muscles are characteristic of dysarthria;
- Imitation. It often happens that a child pronounces vibrant, but comes to a children's group, where the children “burr.” And he begins to repeat after them - the skill is lost.
Its correction also depends on the cause of the speech disorder. This requires consultation with a neurologist and speech therapist. The specialist will write out a program for stage-by-stage sound production. The earlier the correction is started, the easier it is to achieve good results.
Stage 1: preparation for correctional work
It consists of identifying the sound “p” and its substitute by ear and comparing their articulation. To develop the articulatory skills that are needed to make the sound “r”, the speech therapist prescribes special exercises for the little patient - for the lips, tongue and lower jaw.
At the stage of preparation for sound production, it is necessary to introduce the baby to the parts of his language. The easiest way to show them is on the palm of your hand: tip, back, edges, tummy. This will make it easier for your baby to do the exercises.
Stage 2: setting the sound “r”
There are several approaches: staging by imitation, from other sounds, mechanically and with the help of gymnastics. Next we will look at these staging methods in more detail.
Stage 3: vibrant automation
To do this, the child pronounces syllables and words, and then more complex tongue twisters, tongue twisters, rhymes and phrases - with different stress and vowel. This allows you to bring pronunciation to automaticity.
Stage 4: introducing vibrant into speech
The final sound “r” is formed in children within 25–40 days, sometimes it takes up to 60 days. Although there are often cases when the correction continues throughout the year. You need to work with a speech therapist at least twice a week, and continue the rest of the days at home on the recommendation of a specialist.
