Letter B in the Russian alphabet: history, articulation, pronunciation

Interesting facts about the letter B

The name of the letter “ve”, which is familiar to us, was not always like this. For example, earlier, and even now, in the Church and Old Slavonic alphabet, this letter is called “vedi” and “vede”, respectively. And the letter took its name from one of the forms of the verb “to know” or “to know.”

In the Roman alphabet B is “vita”, i.e. "life".

The Cyrillic form of the letter is borrowed from the Greek letter “beta”, which also had the shape of a three with a left column, only a little longer downwards.

In Russian, В is used to denote two sounds [в] and [в`].

[в] and [в`] are pronounced before voiced consonants and vowels (vera, in addition).

Before voiceless consonants, in the middle or at the end of a word, the letter is deafened and we hear and pronounce the sound indicated by its paired consonant F, i.e. [f] or [f`] (Tuesday - [ftornik], shop - [lavka], courtyards - [dvorof]).

Any foreigner who begins to study our great language wonders why the same letter B, being in different parts of the word, is pronounced differently and replacing the sound is simply unacceptable. For example, the surname “Vasiliev” begins and ends with the same letter, but must be pronounced differently - [vas'il'y'if].

And in many words this letter is not pronounced at all. It seems to dissolve among other consonants (feeling - [feeling]).

The letter B is present in the Ukrainian and Belarusian languages, but there it is not deafened, but sounds like a vowel sound [u] - “everything” - [truncated].

Lesson notes “Sound B”

Words ending with the syllable "na"

The syllable “NA”, according to the initial sound, belongs to the type - covered

(begins with a consonant), according to the final sound -
open
(ends with a vowel sound), according to the initial and final sound -
open
(is not both closed and closed).

Consisting of 2 syllables:

wave
war
loach
clay
length
dune
wife
zina
ice floe
moon
Lena
mine
Nina

a country
secret
price
tire
link
maple
elephant
member
Lina
Lana
blast furnace
hay
Tina

drunk
noisy
guilt
given
grains
wall
gene
Khan
horseradish
won
Dina
change
plan

urn
forge
aina
wound
millet
full
dog
smart
Rena
Dvina
string
scene
foam

Consisting of 3 syllables:

Alina
arena
Arina
Alyona
angina
epic
depression
vertex
crow
Galina
Elena
greedy
woman
Irina
names

basket
painting
liana
car
raspberries
Maryana
malvina
lowland
aspen
Oksana
Rowan
homeland
plain
district
silence

Tatiana
Ulyana
fortune
fauna
Faina
hut
central
width
bristle
Yasmina
Janina
Anton
banana
gasoline
Berlin

chatterbox
swimming pool
balcony
warrior
volcano
Ivana
clown
jug
pocket
trap
lemon
olive
Milana
penguin
Pushkin

Consisting of 4 syllables:

quiz
Gagarin
hygiene
pea
discipline
pearl
unfeigned
awarded
directed
monkey
web
Ukraine
owner
scratch
Juliana

angelina
grandma's
citizen
Mr.
intimidated
iguana
bones
quarantine
million
ocean
plasticine
postman
restaurant
region
phone

luff
electron
shark
proscenium
scared
trampled
lamb
mutton
protein
valentine
magnitude
Yummy
Levitan
echelon
Augustine

outskirts
upset
engaged
reviewed
strewn
sensitive
businessman
valid
Karamzin
trillion
bastion
Pakistan
core
veal
pharaoh

Consisting of 5 syllables:

Catherine
Christian
attraction
airplane
accordion
epifauna
evangelina
widespread
gibberish
gas exchange
hallelujah
Azefovism
bazaarism
furnished
turtle

railcar
Turkmenistan
depicted
spoiled
microdistrict
designated
required
used
involved
idiot
avifauna
cholesterol
addressed to
due to
wormhole

Bironovism
heat exchange
Asian
range
significant
stunned
fascinating
rendered harmless
Napoleon
atamanism
sentimental
auction
developed
blocked
tanker truck

familiarized
imitative
spread out
amazing
aboriginal
arrested
armed
car
implemented
fatherlessness
released
stunning
muddle
amazing
car tires

Consisting of 6 syllables:

disappointed
confidential
illustrated
employed
air exchange
metro

biomedicine
carelessness
paralyzed
exchange of goods
White Guard
Arakcheevism

organized
self-discipline
formulated
interconnected
concentrated
worried

equidistant
tested
landscaped
implemented
anti-Soviet

Consisting of 7 syllables:

deactivated

renovated

registered

interested

opposed

Consisting of 8 syllables:

aerial forest protection

Poems about V

Poems are dedicated to different people and events. And we will dedicate today's poems to the letter we met today. Take the baton and come up with your own two- and quatrains. Send them through the comment form. And I will add them to our common collection of poems about V.

*** How good life is for her. In third place in the alphabet. We call it “ve”, and the Greeks call it “vita”.

*** The letter B sits on a branch and shouts from there to Svetka: I will live in your name both at night and during the day.

Sveta smiled and turned away from the letter. “Who the hell are you, naughty letter?”

“I’m not playing with you, I don’t know you. I’ll collect flowers in a bouquet, and who do you look like?”

The letter B is like the number three (3) - Look at it. Everyone knows - Lena, Vita O is the third letter in the alphabet.

Russian words ending with P

Reverse Russian dictionary (word endings with P) - Igor Garshin’s website

Garshin.Ru

Lexicons

[/td]

Write

Home > Zaliznyak's Reverse Dictionary > Words ending in P

Common Slavic roots of Russian: | | | | | E, E, Ѣ | | | | | | | | | | | | | U, Ѫ | | | | | | Yu, i | I, and

Original Russian words: | | | | | E, Yo | | | b, s, b | | |

Trubachev's Proto-Slavic Lexical Fund: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

Russian dictionaries:	Bibliographies:	Etymological	Intelligent	Dialectal	Historical	Regulatory	Terms
Russian dictionaries:	Dictionaries on the site:	Fasm. \| Tsyg. \| Shan. \| Sem. \| Shap. \| Shim.	Dahl \| Krysin (in.sl.) Ozhegov	Arch. \| Novg. \| Psk. \| SRNG	Academy	Lopatin \| Tikhonov	Oil&Gas \| Prombez \| \| GIS

Russian words ending with the letter P :

cap
handicap
pickup
graypaw
Aesculapius
clap
synapse
kandil-sinap
arap
scratch
dac-scratch
sharap
drape
speckled
scribbled
scrap
ladder
satrap
storm ladder
ladder
saddle pad
snore
impudently
snore
glanders
stage
hap
DAC
katsap
chicken
sovdep
rustle
crypt
cross-blind
spank
woodcock
curlew
Garnish
scull
buyrep
crepe
brace
lanyard
false rep
nativity scene
two-step
flail
hook
trailer
semitrailer
cordon
clutch
release
clothespin
cleft
hardening
slander
rivet
slap
lip slap
chatter
jeep
skip
polyp
slip
sob
creak
trippy
wheeze
vulture
type
subtype
archetype
stereotype
genotype
phenotype
linotype
monotype
daguerreotype
autotype
prototype
principle
thorn
crank
pinch
teletype
volley
pillar
vamp
print
stamp
pace
tromp
estomp
op
hon.
Ethiopian
undermining
coal miner
digger
salt digger
digging
trench
miner
digging
osprey
megascope
epidiascope
cinemascope
excavation
verascope
litascope
telescope
radio telescope
kinescope
bishop
archbishop
episcope
spinthariscope
periscope
polariscope
strobe
ovoscope
esophagoscope
laryngoscope
kaleidoscope
phonendoscope
endoscope
geoscope
stereoscope
helioscope
ebullioscope
alloscope
oscilloscope
dynamoscope
anemoscope
chromoscope
thermoscope
seismoscope
ophthalmoscope
filmoscope
galvanoscope
uranoscope
diaphanoscope
litakinoscope
rhinoscope
iconoscope
chronoscope
synchroscope
phonoscope
baroscope
vibroscope
hygroscope
scleroscope
gyroscope
pyroscope
microscope
ultramicroscope
horoscope
phosphoroscope
urethroscope
electroscope
spectroscope
astroscope
synchroscope
chromatoscope
stomatoscope
statoscope
kinetoscope
stethoscope
lactoscope
proctoscope
flaw detector
pantoscope
otoscope
cystoscope
nephoscope
gallop
escalope
salop
bug
Cyclops
redbug
dunce
serf
oslop
clap
swat
exhaust
stenope
button
sheaf
pop
archpriest
raspop
guiderop
pyrope
syrup
dill
agitprop
trope
misanthrope
plesianthropus
Pithecanthropus
africantrope
philanthropist
Sinanthropus
heliotrope
leukotrope
lumenotrope
blacktrope
sling
hyssop
top
metope
flood
isotope
biotope
salotop
oil top
flood
gyrotope
stop
blackfoot
hitch-hiking
drowned
hop
DSP
madder
trap
flu
klupp
carp
scarp
counterscarp
verp
sickle
Sherpa
purchase
bribe
outbid
buy-in
payback
stingy
farm-out
ransom
Selkup
sheepskin coat
slap
navel
croup
dead body
scab
screw
fragility
soup
spade
approach
attack
access
indentation
ledge
projection
Hula Hup
ketchup
dipstick
probe
embankment
oversleep
lack of sleep
waking up
scattering
chick-chick
scalp
NEP
squish
sloop
gag
dude
bungler

home

© “slovorod.ru”, 2012. Igor Konstantinovich Garshin. Subsidiary web project of Igor Garshin's Site. The author and owner of the sites is Igor Konstantinovich Garshin (see author’s resume). Write letters ( ).

Page updated 07/17/2019

When the ending –s / -es is added in English

So, before we get to the rule itself, let's remember in what cases the ending –s is used in English.

There are two such cases:

When forming the plural of nouns - cats, plates, dresses, rings, torches, lips and so on.
When forming the third person singular form of the Present Simple (that is, the form he, she, it) - he calls, she plays, it rains.

The rules for reading verb endings and noun endings –s/-es are the same .

What is a syllable?

Most words in the Russian language can be divided into syllables. In spoken language, a syllable is the smallest sounding unit. Definition A syllable is one or more sounds that are pronounced with one impulse of exhaled air.

Syllables form vowel sounds, which consist of the voice and are the most sonorous in speech. Consonant sounds, even sonorant ones, cannot be syllabic-forming, since they consist more of noise than of voice.

Vowel sounds organize syllables either independently or in combination with one or more consonants. A word contains as many syllables as there are vowels:

survey
watercolor
lesion
old

According to their phonetic composition, syllables are divided into two main types:

open
closed.

Let's consider what determines the openness or closedness of a phonetic syllable in the Russian language.

Transfer rules

The division into syllables often does not coincide with the division into parts of the word (prefix, root, suffix, ending) and with the division of the word into parts during transfer.

For example, the word calculated is divided into the morphemes calculated-a-nn-y (ras - prefix, count - root; a, nn - suffixes; й - ending).

When transferred, the same word is divided as follows: calculated .

The word is divided into syllables as follows: ras-schi-ta-ny .

Open and closed syllables.

Open syllables end in a vowel: grass [ tra-va ] , mountain [ g a -ra], cow [ kar - ro- va ] , lightning [mo - ln' and -y' a ], spring [in' and -sleep]. These are the majority of syllables.
Closed syllables end with a consonant: do m [do m ], how na [va y' -na], kart uz [ka r-t us], korp us [ko r-p us], zhe lt et[ zhy l-t' et']Closed syllables occur at the end of a phonetic word,
in the middle of a word when two or more consonants coincide: after [th'] ,
after unpaired voiced-voiceless [l], [l'], [m], [m'], [n], [n'], [r], [p'], followed by paired voiced-voiceless consonant).

Words can consist of one open syllable (yes, bra), two or more open syllables (ra-ma, vo-ro-na), one or more closed syllables (no, laziness, lazy, moi-ka, con-te-ner), from open and closed syllables (pri-growth, vo-di-tel).

The division of a word into syllables and the number of syllables are indicated during phonetic analysis of the word. The division into syllables is made according to phonetic transcription, and not according to the orthographic notation of the word, since a syllable is a phonetic unit and characterizes the sound of speech.

Open syllables

Because vowel sounds are syllabic sounds, they can form a syllable alone:

address
reproach
o-tsev
iris
save

Vowels also form syllables in combination with one or more consonants:

hand
gates
pantry

Moreover, let us note that the vowel follows the consonant. Due to this postposition of the vowel sound, the syllable can be pronounced quite long, drawn out or chanted. Such syllables are called open syllables. Definition Open syllables are syllables that end with vowel sounds.

Most syllables in Russian words are open. If after a vowel forming a syllable there is a consonant or a group of noisy consonants, then they begin the next syllable:

o-chag
Job
OK
ko-stri-sche
shirt

Unpaired voiced consonants, designated by the letters “y”, “l”, “m”, “n”, “r”, do not obey this rule of syllable division.

And now it’s time for us to find out what closed syllables are in words of the Russian language.

Closed syllables

Unpaired voiced consonants (sonorants) are pronounced with a certain amount of noise and voice. They have the ability to join a vowel sound and close a syllable in any position in a word (at the beginning, in the middle, at the end):

ar-ba
watering can
glass
pocket
package
mandarin

Please note that a sonorant consonant is followed by a voiced or noisy consonant. And then the syllable division occurs between them. This is how closed syllables are formed. Definition Closed syllables are syllables that end with one or more consonant sounds.

All consonant sounds, alone and in combination with other consonants, form closed syllables at the end of words:

brush
bow
lesson
train
TV

The soft and hard signs do not indicate a sound and belong to the consonant after which they are written. The syllable division in such words occurs after these spelling marks:

Friends
la-gu-shach-ya (skin)
injection

Let's look at the phonetic composition of the following words and indicate the open and closed syllables in them.

Examples

bunch
sha-lash
bed
flaw
embrace
wa-sil-ki
serious

So, each word is made up of open and closed syllables, into which it can be divided, taking into account phonetic features.

Algorithm for dividing a word into syllables

We divide the word into syllables step by step, determining the number of vowel sounds:

let's read the word;
Let's emphasize all vowels;
count the number of vowel sounds;
Let's perform a syllable division after each vowel sound, taking into account the presence of unpaired voiced consonants, “ь” and “ъ”.

How to read the ending –s

As usual, I will collect all the data in a table for convenience.

So, there are three options for reading this ending:

[z] – z
[s] – with
[ız] – from

[s] - with	[z] - z	[ız] - from
If the ending –s is after voiceless consonants. For example, [f], [k], , [t], [θ]	1. If the ending –s comes after a voiced consonant , for example, [n], [l], [m], [n], etc. 2. If the ending –s (-es) comes after a vowel .	If the ending –s (or rather in this case it will be –es) comes after hissing sounds, as well as some others. I will list all these sounds: [s], [ks], [ʃ], [ʒ], [tʃ], [dʒ], [z].
roofs, chefs, she hops, rocks, socks, tops, plates, he shoots, baths, cooks, months.	1. pens, pencils, she sings, meals, he reads, bottles, leaves, eggs, he loves, records, means. 2. he plays, boys, toys, rays, she says, cars, chairs, babies, she wears.	dresses, boxes, taxes, he fixes, she brushes, pages, she teaches, he loses.

Please note that we are talking about sounds, not letters .

For example,

Wear (to wear clothes) – in transcription [weə]. This means the word ends with a vowel sound. That is, with the ending –s – she wears – we pronounce [z]. We get she wears [weəz].
Rose (rose) – ends with the sound [z] - [rəʊz] despite the fact that the letter contains a silent vowel –e. Add -s and get the option from the third column [rəʊzız].

That is, do not confuse letters with sounds.

In short:

Letters are what are written.
Sounds are what we pronounce.

Please note that the word clothes is pronounced [kləʊðz].