Purpose of the lesson: we study the letter E, the formation of reading skills, the development of speech skills, the improvement of phonemic awareness, the basics of elementary graphic skills.
Tasks:
- introduce the preschooler to the letter E and the correct pronunciation of the sound;
- teach how to write the printed letter E in squares;
- to generate interest in learning poems and riddles.
Name what is shown in the pictures below:
Electricity
Escalator
Excavator
Eclair
When we pronounce the sound [E], air comes out of the mouth freely. Say: EEE. Neither lips, nor teeth, nor tongue prevent air from freely leaving the mouth when we pronounce the sound [E].
- Tell me, what is an echo?
- Listen to the sentence: EMMA AND ELLA LISTENED TO THE ECHO.
- ECHO - what is the first sound in this word?
- What is the first sound in the word ELLA? - EMMA?
- What sound is there in both the word EXCAVATOR and the word ESCALATOR?
- Is the [E] sound in the word ESCALATOR at the beginning, at the end or in the middle of a word? - EXCAVATOR? MAYOR?
- Vowel or consonant sound [E]?
Introducing the letter
Card with the letter E.
Let's study E: show the children a card with the letter, pronounce it. Offer to draw the outline of E in the air, lay it out from beans or pieces of rope. Describe the sound: say that it is a vowel, you can sing it. When pronouncing a sound correctly, the mouth is slightly open, the lips are stretched, and the tongue is not used. The stream of air comes out freely, along the tongue, no one sees it.
The articulation is similar to the sound I, although the stream of air coming out of the mouth is an order of magnitude stronger. The production of the sound E in children of the senior group of kindergarten occurs by imitation. The teacher suggests repeating the sound out loud separately and in structural syllables. You can show pictures or objects whose names have a common letter, while pronouncing the words out loud, focusing on the sound E.
Corrective and developmental tasks.Teach the child to identify a word from a series that differs from the rest in syllable structure.
Learn to distinguish between animate and inanimate objects, learn to ask appropriate questions: who is this? What is this?
Teach your child to clearly pronounce the sound [E].
Exercise your child in pronouncing words with a complex syllable structure.
Learn to read sentences, observing narrative and interrogative intonation.
Teach your child to reflect interrogative and narrative intonations in writing using a period and a question mark.
Task 1. An adult pronounces a series of layers, and the child listens carefully and names a word that differs from the others in its syllabic structure:
poppy - bak - so - banana;
catfish - com
- turkey -
house;
lemon - carriage - cat -
bud;
poppy - cancer - broom - tank.
Task 2. Introducing the sound [E]. Guess the riddle, name the first sound in the answer:
Lives without a body
Speaks without tongue.
Nobody sees him
And everyone hears. (Echo)
An adult shows in front of a mirror and explains to the child the articulation of the sound [E]:
- lips in a smile;
- teeth are close together;
- the wide tip of the tongue touches the lower teeth, the back of the tongue is raised;
— the neck “works.”
Sound symbol [E]: the girl reproachfully says to the kitten: “EEE...”
Characteristic
sound [E]: the sound [E] is a vowel, it can be sung (the tongue, lips and teeth do not interfere with the free passage of air). Designation: red circle.
Task 3. Phonetic exercise.
What do fishermen say when a fish gets off the hook? “Uh...h!”
Task 4. Didactic exercise “Clap your hands if you hear the sound [E}”:
uh, ah, uh, y, oh, uh...; eh, ah, uh, eh...; Emma, Anna, Edik, echo, Olya.
Task 5. Repeat after the adult a series of syllables:
pte-kte-bde-where; kte-bde-gde-pte.
Task 6. Find the extra word in the series (by the presence or absence of the sound [E]):
bus, echo,
orange, watermelon;
this is an echo, Edik, a mustache.
Task 7. Remember the names of people starting with the sound [E] (Ella, Edik, Edward, Eleanor, Emma).
Task 8. From a number of drawn objects, choose those whose names contain the sound [E].
Task 9. Speak to the child, syllable by syllable, words that have a complex syllabic structure, explaining to him the meaning of these words. Divide words into syllables. Find the longest and shortest word. If possible, make a sentence with each word:
tightrope walker, squadron, electric welder, electric locomotive, electric iron, guide, electrician, crew, electrical appliance, eucalyptus, elevator.
Task 10. Explain to the child that all animate objects answer the question: who is this?
and inanimate objects - to the question:
what is this?
Learn to ask questions about animate and inanimate objects.
Continue the series:
Who is this? This is a girl, a cat, a dog...
What is this? This is a car, a table, a jacket...
Didactic game “Odd Four” (based on whether objects are animate or inanimate):
car, plane, table, grandfather;
crow, nightingale,
chair,
cow.
Task 11. Introducing the letter E.
The letter E opened its mouth:
Either he yawns or he sings.
O. Hoffman
What else does the letter E look like?
The letter E from fingers: the thumb and index finger of the right hand form a semicircle, and the index finger of the left hand forms the “tongue” of the letter E.
Letter games.
Task 12. Independent sound-syllable analysis of the word Edik:
drawing up a diagram of circles; laying out letters in a cut alphabet, reading, copying.
Reading sentences using interrogative and narrative intonation. Recording sentences under dictation with the help of an adult, reflecting interrogative and narrative intonation in writing (using a period and a question mark).
Who is this? It's a cat. Who is this? This is Edik. Who is this? This is a fly.
Automation of sound E
The next stage in learning the letter and sound E is automation. The teacher can attach pictures to the board and invite preschoolers to name objects. For example, escalator, excavator, emu, screen, electricity, etc.
In the process of teaching children, it is important to use play methods, for example, a general game with a ball. The teacher throws the ball to the child and says the word. The preschooler must catch the ball if he hears the sound being studied. Memorization is better when reading entertaining poems, riddles and fairy tales. In addition to visual and auditory training, the child should also be given written tasks.
Letter E in Russian writing
The strange letter “e” reached the Russian alphabet, and more precisely, the Russian written language, in the form of an unioted vowel through words such as: this, edakiy, eh, ege-ge, etc.
It began to be used at the beginning of a word and after vowels: echo, floor, poet, duel, etc. I can't even think of words with this letter. If you can add your own to this series, I will be glad to read them in the comments.
It’s just that after E and I it is customary to write E, not E. There are, of course, exceptions: Marietta, Gliere, etc.
The pure sound of E is only in words of foreign origin, in native Russian ones - only E: go, eat, etc.
Therefore, E is called specific for borrowed and foreign words.
Russian critics called E a “strange letter,” and Belinsky was completely against the shape of the letter.
A.P. Sumarokov spoke insultingly about E, calling this letter “a freak of the Russian alphabet.” Although if you look closely at her, I don’t see anything ugly in her. Well, she looks in the wrong direction as the other letters of the alphabet. So what. In any family there is not without... the letter E.
It was interesting to see the opinion of Groth, who was against the use of E after consonants, but defended his opinion regarding the placement of the letter at the beginning of words and after vowels.
Task for preschoolers: printed letter E
To increase the effectiveness of learning, it is necessary to give the child in the preparatory group written assignments or online assignments:
- circle by dots;
- add a letter;
- find E in the picture;
- cross out incorrectly written letters;
- color objects that contain E, etc.
We write the letter E.
History of the letter E
The sign E is present in the South Slavic Cyrillic alphabet as an allograph of the letter E, used in the 13th and 14th centuries.
In earlier times, it was only a leader above the line (around 1284, paleographer E.F. Karsky).
Old Russian writing suggested this sign to be similar to the letter Z. The letter first appeared in the late 14th and early 15th centuries.
They suspect that it was copied from the Glagolitic antigraph.
The letter came into the Western Russian alphabet at the end of the 15th century and then began to be included in alphabets throughout Muscovite Rus'.
It later appeared in the Poznań manuscript at the end of the 16th century. E began to be written in words such as: tsEsar, knightEr, etc.
The letter E became an official character in the alphabet only in 1708, when the civil font was created.
Tales about the letter E
On our planet there is a mysterious country called ABC. Different residents live there, and each has its own name. Somewhere on the very edge of the ABC lives the letter E. Other letters rarely visit it, because it has settled in a tall building, on the 31st floor.
E loves to go out on the balcony and look at the large eucalyptus tree growing right next to her house. On this eucalyptus tree lived little elves who worked day and night. They worked in a factory where they made the most delicious popsicle in the world. E loved to watch the little people work and often gave hints and help to them. As soon as the head elf shouted “Hey-hey,” a long, ringing echo was heard. This meant that the next portion of ice cream was ready. Then E would go down the escalator to eat her favorite treat.
There was a station near the eucalyptus tree, to which a train arrived every day. On weekdays, E worked on an excavator, digging holes in which the elves built new premises for their factory. And on Sunday E rode the train along ABC and ate a chocolate popsicle.
Literacy lesson (reading) for inclusive 1st grade on the topic: Vowel sound [e]. Letters E, e.
4.Learning new material.
Development of the speech apparatus. Articulation:
To pronounce the sound [e], we open our mouth, the tongue is at the bottom and slightly raised. (Teacher demonstration).
Repeat.
Look at the picture (slide from the film Puzzle)
Who knows the characters? Name them. How to call it in one word? ( E
emotions). Name the first sound.
Breathing exercises.
Emotional correction
. Say the sound [e] in a low voice, draw it out, expressing joy,...sadness, anger, fear, disgust.
Introducing the sound
[e] .
Let's say it again and characterize the sound, what kind of vowel or consonant is it? Why? In what color scheme?
Guess the riddle (electronic appendix by V.G. Goretsky and others): 1.
You shouted - it was silent.
You were silent - it screamed .
What is Echo? Let's play echo? (ABC p. 59) The teacher begins to read the text, the children name the end of the word.
We need to make a diagram for the word ECHO.
We will work in pairs. Take an envelope to create a sound model of a word. The student of option 1 lays out a diagram, option 2 - in the role of a teacher, checks and evaluates the work of his partner...
We check the work at the board. How many syllables, where does the stress fall? Where is the sound in a word? Compare your work with the tested work on the board. Rate your work with a smiley (green – I’m happy, everything worked out, yellow – it worked, but it was difficult, red – it’s difficult, I need help)
2
.
There is a large canvas on the wall in the cinema.
Adults and children come here to watch movies.
(Screen)
Make a diagram for the word. The student of option 2 lays out a diagram, option 1 - in the role of a teacher, checks, evaluates the work of his partner...
We check the work at the board. How many syllables, where does the stress fall? Where is the sound in a word? (at the beginning of the word). Check it out. Rate it - smiley.
Draw a conclusion:
What did you learn about the new sound while working as a pair? (formulate together, teacher corrects). Repeat the conclusion to each other in pairs.
3.
What is the name of the main person of the country?
(Slide with a portrait of the president) And who is in charge in the city (mayor)
? (Photo on the slide). Where is the sound in this word? (in the middle of a word, after a consonant)
How to pronounce the consonant before the letter E, hard or soft? Make a diagram of the word MER. Agree on who posts and who checks. Check (slide). Rate it with a smiley face.
Draw a conclusion:
what else have you learned about sound? (formulate together, teacher corrects)
Repeat the conclusion to each other (in pairs).
What do you remember about the sound [e]?
Physical exercise (motor) -
game "Find the sound [e]".
Stand up. Stretch. Give yourself a hug.
I will name the words. If they have the sound [e] - raise your hands up; if there is no sound - squat down. Try to remember as many words as possible with the letter E....
What words do you remember? What do they mean?
Have we achieved our first goal? What's the next goal?
Suitable Games
Didactic games for attentiveness:
- Find the same sound in the words (screen, emu, equator, relay).
- Think of a word starting with E.
- Clap your hands as soon as you hear a word with the desired sound (watermelon, polymath, monkey, eureka, echelon, turkey).
- Find the extra word in the series. (standard, eucalyptus, ear, excursion).
- Game “Complete the word” (learning the structure of words) Eta (floor), bale (crew), sport (export), coupon (standard), press (express), strada (stage), floor (Hermitage), crane (screen).
- Game "What's missing?" Objects (toys) are laid out on the table, the names of which contain the letter being studied. The child is asked to name all the objects, and then turn away or close his eyes. At this time, the teacher removes one item, and the child must name what is missing.
Game exercises:
- Speech exercises. Repeat the syllables EP-OP-AP, AP-EP-IP, OP-EP-UP, EP-OP-EP, IP-AP-EP, UP-OP-EP.
- Master class “Houses”. Prepare houses with three windows (diagram: beginning, middle, end of the word) and suitable subject pictures. The child needs to determine the location of a given sound in a word and insert a picture into the first, second or third window.
- A funny group. For this game you will need a table with printed letters and chips (coins). Children need to find E in the tables and cover them with chips.
- Letter constructor. Invite the children to complete the E from other letters (O, C). You can use beans or other grains.
- Telephone competitions. Children sit in a row. The teacher speaks the tongue twister into the ear of the first child, and he passes on what he heard to the next. The last player must recite the tongue twister out loud.
There are many didactic games and exercises that will help turn the learning process of preschoolers into an entertaining and exciting activity.
Summary of a lesson on teaching literacy to children 6-7 years old on the topic: “Letter E”
Subject
: "Letter E"
Target
: Introducing the letter "E".
Tasks
: Develop visual perception, phonemic analysis and synthesis, logical thinking; continue to learn how to correlate sounds and letters; consolidate the skill of reading syllables and words; expand your vocabulary (practice in making words from the letters of another word and explain their meaning)
Equipment
: Subject pictures, the letter E and its picture-image, magnetic letters, syllable tables, chips for evaluating your work.
Progress of the lesson:
1.Introductory part: Organizational moment.
3 min
2. Main part: Preparation for perception (game “Find out the letter”, “What has changed?”) Characteristics of sound. Introducing the letter. Letter analysis. Finding letters in printed text. Reading. Game "Typesetters"
23 min
3. Lesson summary: Assessment by children. Talk with the children about what they liked most about the lesson.
4 min
1. Organizational moment.
2. Main part.
1) Game “Find out the letter”
— Finding the studied letters among other (non-letter) signs.
2) Game “What has changed?”
-On the board there are subject pictures: Eskimo, Eskimo, Emu, escalator, tightrope walker, excavator.
-What is the first sound in these words? (E) We have heard this sound before. It is part of the letter E. Remember: E = (Y) + (E)
3) Sound characteristics.
— Raise your hand to your mouth and make the sound (e). How does air leave the mouth? (free) The lips are smiling, which sound is a vowel or a consonant? (vowel). Place your hand on your throat. Is it shaking? (yes) So there is a voice. We remember that all vowel sounds are pronounced with voice. Pay attention to the fact that the letter on the tape of letters is in the first row of vowels, which means the consonants will be read firmly with this vowel letter.
4) Introducing the letter.
— In writing, the sound (e) is indicated by the letter E. Look what the letter E looks like? There is a couplet about the letter E, listen to it:
Letter E, mouth open,
He teases us with his tongue - behold!
5. Letter analysis.
-What elements does the letter E consist of? (from a stick and a semicircle)
-How many elements does it have? (2)
-What letter does it look like?
-Pick up the plastic letter E, feel it with your eyes open and then with your eyes closed.
— Draw this letter in the air, on your friend’s back.
6. Finding a letter in a printed text.
-You need to circle the letter E.
6) Reading syllables and words.
— First, the children, together with the teacher, read the syllables on the board, and then using syllable tables and a primer.
7) Game “Typesetters”
-Make words from the letters of the word ELECTRIC LOGO
(ditch, cart, gaze, age, lion, call, body, summer, etc.)
10. Summary of the lesson.
- What letter did we meet today? What does she look like? What did you like? Evaluate your work.
Letter E after consonants
Consonants are rarely written followed by an E. Back in 1956, rules were introduced that E is allowed only in the words: mayor, peer, sir and proper names.
These rules were amended in 2006. Then E was included in three more words after consonants: plein air, racket, rap.
There are also some words with E after consonants, for example: hash/hash, tag/tag, cab/cab. But they look more like purely foreign.
The names of letters are also written with E: be, ve, ge, etc.
The use of E as an interjection will also not surprise anyone: E! Come here!
One single letter, and how much power it has when shouting at someone.
This strange letter E. You are not Be or Me, or even Ge. You have a very strange appearance, But you came to our alphabet. How much did you have to endure? Only in the last row was there a place for you.
That's the whole story about the letter E. Until new interesting meetings on my website, friends!
